mobile wheelchair ramp Ramp Design and Construction

A ramp for wheelchairs is a vital tool for helping a loved one live at home independently. If they are not designed properly, they can be dangerous to use.

ADA regulations require that landings be level at any shift in direction to avoid compound slopes. They must also provide an accessible surface for wheelchair users.

Design

The ramp's design has to meet the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) standards to ensure that wheelchairs can comfortably navigate the structure. For instance, the ramp's slope must not exceed a ratio of 1:12 and must have landings that are level upon any change in direction or shift in the ramp's surface. It must also be constructed using treated lumber, which is more durable than untreated and can withstand the effects of rain better.

The top and bottom of the ramp should be free of obstacles like bushes, trees or other structures that could hinder the safe movement of the ramp's user. Additionally the ramp's surface must be smooth and non-slip. Certain municipalities require the use of an anti-slip running surface on the entire length of the ramp.

For the ramp frame choose treated lumber that is at least four inches wide. Build posts to secure the ramp, ensuring they are at least eight feet apart and that they extend below the ground level. Spindles are the best way to connect the posts to the railings of the ramp. This type of connection is recommended because it reduces the risk of the ramp operator falling off the edge of the ramp.

Then, build the ramp's frame with beams of 2 by 4 inches in size and joists that are at minimum 16 inches long. Make sure that the joists stand a minimum of 18 inches above ground level and that they're secured with Joist hangers, which are nails that bind the inside of the joists and stop them from sliding out of place. Attach the ramp decking using framing nails.

Install an upper landing on the doorway to ensure the wheelchair-bound occupants are able to easily maneuver the doorswing. This landing should be large enough to give at least 12 to 24 inches of "elbow space" on the handle side for out-swing doors. For in-swing doors the landing should be at minimum 58 by 60 inches to accommodate the door's threshold and a person using wheelchair who has to walk backwards through the doorway.

Install a level landing when you change the direction of the ramp to prevent wheelchairs from having to slam their brakes into corners. Adding a level landing also makes it easier to move the ramp away from the way, if needed, so that lawnmowers or other equipment can slide under it.

Materials

Concrete, wood or aluminium can be used to construct a wheelchair ramp. A professional ramp installation service can help you decide which is best for your home or business. It is essential to take into consideration your individual needs and budget when selecting the materials for the ramp. The ramp should also be simple to maintain and safe to use. Certain cities require that the ramp be laid with an anti-slip surface.

Be sure to check with your local government for permits prior to building or purchasing any materials. Also, be certain to follow the local building codes. The wrong materials or construction techniques can create dangerous conditions for wheelchair users. You can get the most up-to-date information regarding construction requirements at the building department of your local government office library or online.

Wood ramps are often the least expensive of ADA ramp materials, but they require more maintenance than other alternatives. The wood ramp's surface must be regularly treated with a sealer to avoid warping and rot. Wood can split and be dangerous for people who use wheelchairs. Wood ramps may require additional support to ensure that the structure is standing and steady.

Concrete ramps are extremely durable and long-lasting However, they can be costly. They are also heavy, which means more labor to install and can make moving the ramp once it's no longer required difficult. Concrete ramps are strong enough to withstand the weight of power wheelchairs.

Aluminum ramps are less heavy and less expensive than concrete or steel. They also have the same durability, strength and resistance to corrosion. They are also less expensive than steel and iron which makes them a great option for those vans with wheelchair ramps for sale budgets. Aluminum is eco-friendly because it is a part of the earth's crust naturally, and is recyclable.

The ramp's upper landing must be level or within 3/8 inches of the threshold of the door in order for wheelchairs with smaller wheels to move over the ramp without getting stuck. Ramps with gaps greater than this do not conform to ADA standards. You should also make sure that the ramp transitions smoothly between the landing area and the ground surface. The final section of the ramp should have a beveled edge that will ensure that wheelchairs don't stop abruptly when they leave or enter a home.

Installation

A wheelchair ramp is a sloped plane ramp that can be used as an alternative or in addition to steps. It allows wheelchair users and people who use strollers or carts to access areas that would otherwise be difficult to access, such as an entranceway or a set of steep steps.

When choosing a wheelchair access ramp, there are a variety of factors to consider, such as the location, height, and price. The ramp should be located closest to the door in order to avoid unnecessary journeys. It should be located at a level where the person using it can easily navigate. It should also be properly fixed to the ground and free of obstructions like trees or parked cars.

ADA regulations stipulate that ramps must have handrails on either side. The rails must be at least 36" apart and have an even or smooth gripping surface. They must also be anchored to the edge of the ramp, and extend 12 inches beyond it. If the ramp has switchbacks or an L-shaped layout, handrails should be a continuous length between the ramp's runs.

The length of a ramp is contingent on the slope, however there are a few standard ramps that can be used in most situations. For instance, a threshold ramp sits right on the edge of a curb, or the threshold of a doorway, while Portable wheelchair ramp for Van ramps can be moved from one location to another and come in a variety of sizes. Modular aluminum ramps can also be built on-site. These wheel chair van ramps are usually used in commercial or public areas, and tend to be longer.

Check with your city's construction department to determine the need for a permit for a permanent ramp. You should also speak to an expert in mobility about the kind of ramp that will work best for your needs and the space. In some instances, installing permanent ramps can boost the value of your home.

Maintenance

It's important to make sure your ramp for wheelchairs is maintained, particularly if you will be using it often. You'll need to perform regular inspections and deal with any structural issues as they occur. This will ensure that the ramp complies all ADA requirements and is safe for users.

Regular cleaning of wooden ramps is required to remove dirt and debris that may hinder access. Keeping the ramp clean will also prevent moisture from accumulating beneath the surface and leading to decay. Preservatives and stains for wood only work when the ramp is clean before application.

Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other ramps because they are more susceptible to wear and tear. The most important thing is to ensure you have the proper tools to complete the task. To make sure that all fixings are secure and tight, you will need a good set of screwdrivers as well as gauge spanners. You should also regularly inspect the handrails to see if there are signs of corrosion or damage. Over time, and with repeated use, it's possible that some bolts or fittings that are anchored the handrails to become loose. This can pose a safety concern for anyone who uses the ramp.

It is also essential to ensure that the surface the ramp is grippy enough particularly in winter, when the conditions can be challenging. You'll need to clean away any leaves, dirt and other debris that can block the surface and cause slippage. You'll also need to apply an ice melt that's non-corrosive to the ramp's surface to prevent injuries and slipping.

If you're planning on using your ramp throughout the winter months, you should consider purchasing traction wheels or "snow tires" for your wheelchair. They're specifically designed to aid in tracking on snow and uneven surfaces, so they'll be more efficient than standard wheelchair tires at keeping you on the ramp. You can also make use of heating pads or heating tape to melt snow and ice on the ramp before it accumulates.